Morocco is a paradise for lovers of architecture and design. The country's buildings are a physical manifestation of its diverse history, blending Islamic geometry, Andalusian elegance, and rugged Amazigh (Berber) practicality.
The word "riad" comes from the Arabic word for garden. Traditionally, a riad is a multi-story house or palace built around a central courtyard, often featuring a fountain or orange trees. They are designed completely inward-facing to provide privacy and protection from the heat and noise of the medina. From the outside, a riad looks like a blank wall with a modest door; stepping inside is like entering a hidden, peaceful oasis.
In contrast to the delicate riads of the cities, Kasbahs are imposing, fortified structures found mostly in the southern and mountain regions. Built from pisé (rammed earth and mud-brick), they feature high walls and corner watchtowers. They were built to protect local chiefs and communities from harsh weather and invading tribes.
You cannot visit Morocco without marveling at 'Zellige', the intricate mosaic tilework that adorns fountains, walls, and floors. Zellige is made by hand-chiseling fired enamel tiles into tiny, perfectly shaped geometric pieces, which are then assembled upside down like a puzzle. It is a mathematical and artistic masterpiece that takes years to master.